• Joseon Dynasty, second half of 15th-first half of 16th century
• lkh 14
• Bequest of Lee kun-hee, 2021
• National Treasure

These bowls are typical examples of early Joseon hard-paste white porcelain produced at government-operated kilns (gwanyo). Their large size and refined, well-balanced forms exemplify the quality of official court porcelain during the early Joseon period. Some bowls bear incised inscriptions on the outer base, including the characters cheon (天, heaven), ji (地, earth), hyeon (玄, black), and hwang (黃, yellow). A variety of inscriptions are found on early Joseon white porcelain from official kilns, and these particular characters are thought to have been part of the kiln’s operational system—possibly used to classify or manage the production, inventory, and distribution of wares.